1. Component installation precautions
The electrical installation of photovoltaic modules should refer to the corresponding regulations, including electrical-related regulations and power connection requirements. For specific terms, please.Contact your local power department. Please do not install photovoltaic modules on the roof without safety precautions, including protective measures include fall protection, ladders and stairs,and personal protective equipment. At the same time, do not install or operate in an unfavorable environment.For distributed photovoltaic power generation systems, such as solid and gusty weather, wet and frosted roof surfaces, etc. in the presence of light,The lower photovoltaic power generation system will generate direct current, and the current will increase with the increase of light. Therefore, if you touch the electronic circuit of the component, there will be damage.D.C. voltages of 30 volts or more can even be fatal, posing a risk of electric shock or burns. Therefore, during installation and maintenance.To cut off the power of the photovoltaic power generation system, you can also move them to a completely dark environment or use opaque materials.Cover the surface of the assembly. If operating in the sun, use insulated tools and not wear metal jewelry. to avoid
Do not disconnect the electrical connection while working under the loa. The connector must be kept dry and clean,Please make sure they are in good working order. Do not insert other metal objects into the plug or any other way.Make electrical connections. Please do not touch or handle components unless they are electrically disconnected, and you are wearing personal protective equipment.Photovoltaic modules with broken glass, falling frames, and damaged back sheets. Do not touch wet components.
2. Design Considerations
Photovoltaic modules must be installed in suitable buildings or other places ideal for module installation (such as ground, roof, house side elevation, etc.);It is generally recommended that the installation angle of photovoltaic modules be more than 10 degrees to play a self-cleaning role when it rains, one or more pieces of light.System performance is significantly degraded when the P.V. modules are partially or fully occluded.It is generally recommended to install modules in a place with no shade throughout the year to increase the power generation of the photovoltaic system. frequent lightning activity Lightning protection devices must be installed in complex places for the photovoltaic system.
3. Connection Precautions
The photovoltaic module has two light-resistant output cables, the terminals are connectors, and these plugs can meet the needs of most installations.The positive cable terminal is the female plug, and the negative cable terminal is the male plug. This is because the connection line of the components is not only for the series connection of the parts.designed, and can also be connected to third-party equipment equipped with wiring devices, the connection needs to follow the equipment manufacturer's instructions,Use the manual.When the cable is fixed on the bracket, it is necessary to avoid mechanical damage to the line or component. Fixed lines must be resistant to,Ultraviolet tie wire and wire clip to fix on the bracket. At the same time, try to avoid direct sunlight exposure and water soaking of cables.
4. Connector installation
Keep the connector dry and clean before connecting it, and ensure the connector cover is secure. Also, avoid direct sunlight, water.Immersion and placing the plug on the ground or roof surface.Incorrect connections can cause arcing and electric shock. Therefore, after installation, all electrical connections must be checked for firmness.Make sure all connectors are fully inserted.
5. Mechanical connection installation
Generic components have been certified for mechanical loads. The static mechanical load can be withstood: maximum 2400Pa (wind pressure) on the back, leading to 5400Pa (snow pressure) on the front.
During or after installing the P.V. modules, please do not step on or place heavy objects on the surface of the modules to avoid cracking of the cells.
The brackets and other mechanical parts must withstand the specified maximum wind and snow pressure.
When choosing the grounding method, it is impossible to cause direct contact between the frame of the photovoltaic module and other metals to avoid electrical corrosion.
To maintain the fire rating of photovoltaic modules, the distance between the glass surface and the roof surface should be at least 10cm. In addition, the distance between the installed adjacent photovoltaic modules should be 2cm.
6. Precautions for grid-connected inverters
1. Safety precautions
The grid-connected inverters are mainly divided into high-frequency transformer types, low-frequency transformer types, and transformer types. According to the designed system and the owner's specific requirements, the transformer type is mainly considered from two aspects of safety and efficiency.
1.1 Non-professionals are prohibited from touching photovoltaic equipment such as inverters;
1.2 Pay special attention to the installation location and
conditional requirements;
1.3 Before maintenance and overhaul of the photovoltaic system, it is necessary to ensure that all power supplies are disconnected to avoid
a safety incident;
1.4 Ensure that the grounding device and short-circuit protection device of the inverter are safe and reasonable;
1.5 When overhauling or maintaining the inverter, please disconnect from the power grid through the communication system and then disconnect the direct
flow circuit to avoid electric shock injury;
1.6 When you overhaul or maintain the inverter, please wear labor protection equipment, such as insulating shoes and gloves.
At the same time, you also need to pay attention to the following matters:
a) Do not touch electrical connection points; do not wear any metal jewelry;
b) The inverter under the changing working environment must meet the relevant national standards;
c) The inverter must strictly abide by the product instruction manual.
Use in spaces with humidity > 95%;
d) Do not touch the cooling device of the inverter to avoid burns.
2.Inverter installation location and assembly precautions
2.1 Do not install the inverter near flammable and explosive materials;
2.2 Ensure that the installation area of the inverter and the fuse box is dry and the air circulation is good;
2.3 To ensure the peak performance of the equipment, the maximum ambient temperature needs to be considered;
2.4 To avoid reducing the voltage due to overheating, therefore, do not expose the inverter;
2.5 If the inverter is to be installed in a high-temperature area, the distance between the inverters must be enlarged and
air circulation. Prevent its output power from being reduced due to excessive temperature;
2.6 Never block the ventilation device of the inverter;
2.7 The assembly location must be freely accessible without additional brackets or lifting platforms;
The distribution method must be adapted to the size and weight of the inverter; the assembly surface must be solid and fireproof.
2.8 The installation height of the inverter must be reasonable. The inverter's air inlet (bottom) is 600mm away from the ground.
The air outlet (above or side of the machine) is 400mm. Keep it well ventilated. The inverter is best installed in a cool place,
Prevent exposure to sunlight from affecting the work of the machine. It is recommended to establish an excellent surrounding environment in a home to prevent dust and debris from blocking
the fan.
2.9 The inverter is installed in the power distribution room. The location of the power distribution room should be as close to the solar cell array and users as possible to reduce line losses. Small and medium-sized inverters can be fixed on the wall or placed on the workbench as required; large-scale inverters are generally placed directly on the ground, leaving a certain distance from the wall for wiring and maintenance. Easy ventilation. Be careful not to direct sunlight on the inverter. If the inverter is to be installed outdoors, it must have sealing and moisture-proof measures.
3. Precautions for electrical connection
3.1 When the inverter starts and stops, its terminals and cables will generate voltage, so it must be
Qualified professional technicians to carry out the installation;
3.2 All cables connected to the inverter must be suitable for system voltage, current and ambient conditions (temperature, purple
outside line);
3.3 The rated voltage is 1.8kV (core-to-core, non-grounded system, no loop under load) if
When the cable is used in the D.C. system, the rated voltage between the conductors should not be greater than 1.5 of the A.C. rated value U of the cable
times. In single-phase grounded D.C. systems, this value should be multiplied by a factor of 0.5;
3.4 During the connection process, pay attention to the correct traction and connection of all cables;
3.5 A good ground connection must be ensured;
3.6 Before making electrical connections, it must be ensured that the inverter has been fixedly installed;
3.7 Disconnect the A.C. or D.C. voltage sequence: first disconnect the A.C. voltage, then disconnect the D.C. voltage.
4. Maintenance precautions
4.1 Regularly clean the dust on the inverter box. It is best to use a vacuum cleaner or a soft brush when cleaning.
And only use dry tools to clean the inverter;
4.2 When necessary, remove the dirt in the ventilation holes to prevent the dust from causing excessive heat and resulting in performance loss;
4.3 Check whether the surface of the inverter and cable is damaged, and a professional electrician must repair the inverter
cable connection;
4.4 The connection of the cabinet to the ground should be firm and reliable;
4.5 When performing internal maintenance, keep in mind that when the inverter is turned on or off, the maintenance work requires an authorized specialist.
Industrial electrician completed because the lid or the end may generate lethal voltage.
7.Cable precautions
1. After the photovoltaic modules have been running for a long time, dust or dirt will be deposited on the modules' surface, reducing the modules' power output. Therefore, it is generally recommended to clean the components regularly to ensure their maximum power output, especially in places with less precipitation, and pay more attention to cleaning the parts.
2. To reduce potential electrical or thermal shock, it is generally recommended to perform module cleaning in the morning or late afternoon, when the solar irradiance is weak, and the module temperature is lower. especially at high temperatures
a place to pay more attention.
3. General photovoltaic modules can withstand the snow load of 5400Pa on the front. When removing snow on the surface of P.V. modules,
Use a brush to remove snow gently. Unfortunately, ice on the P.V. module surface cannot be removed.
4. Do not clean photovoltaic modules with broken glass or exposed cables to avoid danger.
5. Generally, it is recommended to use a soft brush, clean and mild water when cleaning the glass surface of photovoltaic modules.
Gently wipe, photovoltaic panels should also be brushed in the morning or evening.
8. Precautions for use
1. After the long-term operation of photovoltaic modules, dust or dirt will be deposited on the surface of the modules, reducing the power of the module's output. It is generally recommended to clean the module regularly to ensure its maximum power output, especially in areas with less precipitation
In addition, pay more attention to the cleaning of components.
2. To reduce potential electrical or thermal shock, it is generally recommended to perform module cleaning in the morning or late afternoon, when the solar irradiance is weak, and the module temperature is lower. especially at high temperatures
a place to pay more attention.
3. General photovoltaic modules can withstand the snow load of 5400Pa on the front. When removing snow on the surface of P.V. modules,
Use a brush to remove snow gently. Ice on the P.V. module surface cannot be removed.
4. Do not clean photovoltaic modules with broken glass or exposed cables to avoid danger.
5. It is generally recommended to use a soft cloth when cleaning the glass surface of photovoltaic modules.Brush, clean and mild water, wipe gently; photovoltaic panels should also be tapped in the morning or evening.
The electrical installation of photovoltaic modules should refer to the corresponding regulations, including electrical-related regulations and power connection requirements. For specific terms, please.Contact your local power department. Please do not install photovoltaic modules on the roof without safety precautions, including protective measures include fall protection, ladders and stairs,and personal protective equipment. At the same time, do not install or operate in an unfavorable environment.For distributed photovoltaic power generation systems, such as solid and gusty weather, wet and frosted roof surfaces, etc. in the presence of light,The lower photovoltaic power generation system will generate direct current, and the current will increase with the increase of light. Therefore, if you touch the electronic circuit of the component, there will be damage.D.C. voltages of 30 volts or more can even be fatal, posing a risk of electric shock or burns. Therefore, during installation and maintenance.To cut off the power of the photovoltaic power generation system, you can also move them to a completely dark environment or use opaque materials.Cover the surface of the assembly. If operating in the sun, use insulated tools and not wear metal jewelry. to avoid
Do not disconnect the electrical connection while working under the loa. The connector must be kept dry and clean,Please make sure they are in good working order. Do not insert other metal objects into the plug or any other way.Make electrical connections. Please do not touch or handle components unless they are electrically disconnected, and you are wearing personal protective equipment.Photovoltaic modules with broken glass, falling frames, and damaged back sheets. Do not touch wet components.
2. Design Considerations
Photovoltaic modules must be installed in suitable buildings or other places ideal for module installation (such as ground, roof, house side elevation, etc.);It is generally recommended that the installation angle of photovoltaic modules be more than 10 degrees to play a self-cleaning role when it rains, one or more pieces of light.System performance is significantly degraded when the P.V. modules are partially or fully occluded.It is generally recommended to install modules in a place with no shade throughout the year to increase the power generation of the photovoltaic system. frequent lightning activity Lightning protection devices must be installed in complex places for the photovoltaic system.
3. Connection Precautions
The photovoltaic module has two light-resistant output cables, the terminals are connectors, and these plugs can meet the needs of most installations.The positive cable terminal is the female plug, and the negative cable terminal is the male plug. This is because the connection line of the components is not only for the series connection of the parts.designed, and can also be connected to third-party equipment equipped with wiring devices, the connection needs to follow the equipment manufacturer's instructions,Use the manual.When the cable is fixed on the bracket, it is necessary to avoid mechanical damage to the line or component. Fixed lines must be resistant to,Ultraviolet tie wire and wire clip to fix on the bracket. At the same time, try to avoid direct sunlight exposure and water soaking of cables.
4. Connector installation
Keep the connector dry and clean before connecting it, and ensure the connector cover is secure. Also, avoid direct sunlight, water.Immersion and placing the plug on the ground or roof surface.Incorrect connections can cause arcing and electric shock. Therefore, after installation, all electrical connections must be checked for firmness.Make sure all connectors are fully inserted.
5. Mechanical connection installation
Generic components have been certified for mechanical loads. The static mechanical load can be withstood: maximum 2400Pa (wind pressure) on the back, leading to 5400Pa (snow pressure) on the front.
During or after installing the P.V. modules, please do not step on or place heavy objects on the surface of the modules to avoid cracking of the cells.
The brackets and other mechanical parts must withstand the specified maximum wind and snow pressure.
When choosing the grounding method, it is impossible to cause direct contact between the frame of the photovoltaic module and other metals to avoid electrical corrosion.
To maintain the fire rating of photovoltaic modules, the distance between the glass surface and the roof surface should be at least 10cm. In addition, the distance between the installed adjacent photovoltaic modules should be 2cm.
6. Precautions for grid-connected inverters
1. Safety precautions
The grid-connected inverters are mainly divided into high-frequency transformer types, low-frequency transformer types, and transformer types. According to the designed system and the owner's specific requirements, the transformer type is mainly considered from two aspects of safety and efficiency.
1.1 Non-professionals are prohibited from touching photovoltaic equipment such as inverters;
1.2 Pay special attention to the installation location and
conditional requirements;
1.3 Before maintenance and overhaul of the photovoltaic system, it is necessary to ensure that all power supplies are disconnected to avoid
a safety incident;
1.4 Ensure that the grounding device and short-circuit protection device of the inverter are safe and reasonable;
1.5 When overhauling or maintaining the inverter, please disconnect from the power grid through the communication system and then disconnect the direct
flow circuit to avoid electric shock injury;
1.6 When you overhaul or maintain the inverter, please wear labor protection equipment, such as insulating shoes and gloves.
At the same time, you also need to pay attention to the following matters:
a) Do not touch electrical connection points; do not wear any metal jewelry;
b) The inverter under the changing working environment must meet the relevant national standards;
c) The inverter must strictly abide by the product instruction manual.
Use in spaces with humidity > 95%;
d) Do not touch the cooling device of the inverter to avoid burns.
2.Inverter installation location and assembly precautions
2.1 Do not install the inverter near flammable and explosive materials;
2.2 Ensure that the installation area of the inverter and the fuse box is dry and the air circulation is good;
2.3 To ensure the peak performance of the equipment, the maximum ambient temperature needs to be considered;
2.4 To avoid reducing the voltage due to overheating, therefore, do not expose the inverter;
2.5 If the inverter is to be installed in a high-temperature area, the distance between the inverters must be enlarged and
air circulation. Prevent its output power from being reduced due to excessive temperature;
2.6 Never block the ventilation device of the inverter;
2.7 The assembly location must be freely accessible without additional brackets or lifting platforms;
The distribution method must be adapted to the size and weight of the inverter; the assembly surface must be solid and fireproof.
2.8 The installation height of the inverter must be reasonable. The inverter's air inlet (bottom) is 600mm away from the ground.
The air outlet (above or side of the machine) is 400mm. Keep it well ventilated. The inverter is best installed in a cool place,
Prevent exposure to sunlight from affecting the work of the machine. It is recommended to establish an excellent surrounding environment in a home to prevent dust and debris from blocking
the fan.
2.9 The inverter is installed in the power distribution room. The location of the power distribution room should be as close to the solar cell array and users as possible to reduce line losses. Small and medium-sized inverters can be fixed on the wall or placed on the workbench as required; large-scale inverters are generally placed directly on the ground, leaving a certain distance from the wall for wiring and maintenance. Easy ventilation. Be careful not to direct sunlight on the inverter. If the inverter is to be installed outdoors, it must have sealing and moisture-proof measures.
3. Precautions for electrical connection
3.1 When the inverter starts and stops, its terminals and cables will generate voltage, so it must be
Qualified professional technicians to carry out the installation;
3.2 All cables connected to the inverter must be suitable for system voltage, current and ambient conditions (temperature, purple
outside line);
3.3 The rated voltage is 1.8kV (core-to-core, non-grounded system, no loop under load) if
When the cable is used in the D.C. system, the rated voltage between the conductors should not be greater than 1.5 of the A.C. rated value U of the cable
times. In single-phase grounded D.C. systems, this value should be multiplied by a factor of 0.5;
3.4 During the connection process, pay attention to the correct traction and connection of all cables;
3.5 A good ground connection must be ensured;
3.6 Before making electrical connections, it must be ensured that the inverter has been fixedly installed;
3.7 Disconnect the A.C. or D.C. voltage sequence: first disconnect the A.C. voltage, then disconnect the D.C. voltage.
4. Maintenance precautions
4.1 Regularly clean the dust on the inverter box. It is best to use a vacuum cleaner or a soft brush when cleaning.
And only use dry tools to clean the inverter;
4.2 When necessary, remove the dirt in the ventilation holes to prevent the dust from causing excessive heat and resulting in performance loss;
4.3 Check whether the surface of the inverter and cable is damaged, and a professional electrician must repair the inverter
cable connection;
4.4 The connection of the cabinet to the ground should be firm and reliable;
4.5 When performing internal maintenance, keep in mind that when the inverter is turned on or off, the maintenance work requires an authorized specialist.
Industrial electrician completed because the lid or the end may generate lethal voltage.
7.Cable precautions
1. After the photovoltaic modules have been running for a long time, dust or dirt will be deposited on the modules' surface, reducing the modules' power output. Therefore, it is generally recommended to clean the components regularly to ensure their maximum power output, especially in places with less precipitation, and pay more attention to cleaning the parts.
2. To reduce potential electrical or thermal shock, it is generally recommended to perform module cleaning in the morning or late afternoon, when the solar irradiance is weak, and the module temperature is lower. especially at high temperatures
a place to pay more attention.
3. General photovoltaic modules can withstand the snow load of 5400Pa on the front. When removing snow on the surface of P.V. modules,
Use a brush to remove snow gently. Unfortunately, ice on the P.V. module surface cannot be removed.
4. Do not clean photovoltaic modules with broken glass or exposed cables to avoid danger.
5. Generally, it is recommended to use a soft brush, clean and mild water when cleaning the glass surface of photovoltaic modules.
Gently wipe, photovoltaic panels should also be brushed in the morning or evening.
8. Precautions for use
1. After the long-term operation of photovoltaic modules, dust or dirt will be deposited on the surface of the modules, reducing the power of the module's output. It is generally recommended to clean the module regularly to ensure its maximum power output, especially in areas with less precipitation
In addition, pay more attention to the cleaning of components.
2. To reduce potential electrical or thermal shock, it is generally recommended to perform module cleaning in the morning or late afternoon, when the solar irradiance is weak, and the module temperature is lower. especially at high temperatures
a place to pay more attention.
3. General photovoltaic modules can withstand the snow load of 5400Pa on the front. When removing snow on the surface of P.V. modules,
Use a brush to remove snow gently. Ice on the P.V. module surface cannot be removed.
4. Do not clean photovoltaic modules with broken glass or exposed cables to avoid danger.
5. It is generally recommended to use a soft cloth when cleaning the glass surface of photovoltaic modules.Brush, clean and mild water, wipe gently; photovoltaic panels should also be tapped in the morning or evening.